The intelligent component technology of intelligent transformer embodies the intelligent degree of intelligent transformer, which is composed of various intelligent electronic devices such as acquisition, measurement, metering, monitoring and control. At present, the intelligent substation is mainly realized in two forms. One is a modified intelligent substation, where online monitoring is arranged near the primary equipment, that is, in-situ layout, and most of the protection is placed in the relay room; The other is a newly-built intelligent substation, in which the on-line monitoring unit of the transformer and the protection of the transformer body are locally arranged in the intelligent transformer control cabinet. Intelligent transformer is developing towards energy saving, environmental protection, intelligence and integration. Local digitalization of measurement, networking of control function, visualization of state evaluation and automation of information interaction are the main manifestations of intelligent transformer, which are as follows: oil level, oil temperature, tap-changer position and other parameters related to operation control have been digitally measured in situ; The on-load tap changer realizes intelligent control based on substation network; According to the information detected by the sensor, the operation and control state of the intelligent transformer are evaluated, and the evaluation information is converted into visual information; According to the uploaded evaluation information, the control center and management system realize the coordinated and optimized control of transformer condition maintenance and control.
Intelligent transformer has strong adaptive control ability, which can be adjusted adaptively according to the operating conditions and environment in real time, and optimize the process control, and all performance indexes are optimal. Such as on-load voltage regulation adaptive control, load adaptive control, temperature adaptive control, operation adaptive control, system economic operation adaptive control, automatic compensation adaptive control and optimal operation adaptive control. On-line monitoring of intelligent transformer has the function of self-detection and diagnosis, covering two parts: auxiliary equipment monitoring and ontology monitoring.
The monitoring items of intelligent substation mainly include partial discharge monitoring, dissolved gas monitoring in oil, water content monitoring in oil, winding optical fiber temperature monitoring, gas accumulation monitoring, oil temperature monitoring at the bottom of main oil tank, core grounding current monitoring, intrusion wave monitoring, capacitive bushing capacitance monitoring, bushing dielectric loss factor monitoring, transformer vibration spectrum monitoring and transformer acoustic fingerprint monitoring.
Protection function device monitoring, cooler monitoring and on-load tap changer monitoring are auxiliary equipment monitoring. Intelligent transformer has the functions of reliable alarm, protection, communication and information interaction. When there is a fault in the transformer power supply area, the fault data can be transmitted to the superior management system and the fault point and fault type can be displayed, which provides a basis for maintenance personnel to quickly locate the fault and arrange maintenance.
The transformer body, fuse, switchgear, intelligent components, new electronic on-load tap changer and corresponding auxiliary equipment are integrated into an intelligent combined transformer, which not only has the traditional power transformation function, but also integrates many functions such as forced air cooling, power metering, computer interface and so on, and the intelligent combined transformer runs in the best state in real time.